| 1) 수동태 |
| ① 능동(active): 주어가 동사에 나온 행동을 직접함 |
| ② 수동(passive): 문장의 주어가 동사에 나온 행동을 직접하지 않고, 남에 의해 그 행동이 행해지는(당해지는) 것 |
ex) Everyone loves
"S". (모든 사람이 "S"를 사랑한다: 능동태)
|
| => "S"가 (모든 사람에 의해서) 사랑받는다. (수동태) |
| 2) 수동태의 형태: be동사
+ p.p. |
| ex1) She is loved by everyone. (※ by: ~에 의해서) |
| ex2) Everybody loved her. |
| => She was loved by everybody. |
| ex3) Japan invaded Korea twice. |
| => Korea was invaded twice by Japan. |
| ＊ 시제에 따른 형태 |
| 1) 현재시제/과거시제 |
| am/are/is + p.p. |
| was/were + p.p. |
| 2) 현재진행형/과거진행형 |
| am/are/is + being
+ p.p. |
| was/were + being
+ p.p. |
| 3) 현재완료 |
| have/has + been
+ p.p. |
| 4) 미래시제/조동사 |
| will/can...+ be
+ p.p. |
| ＊ 예문학습 |
| 1. bite - bit - bitten:
물다 |
| ① I am bitten by mosquitoes a lot. (현재시제) |
| => Are you bitten by mosquitoes a lot? |
| ② I was bitten by a dog when I was young. (과거시제) |
| ③ I have been bitten by a dog once. (현재완료 - 경험) |
| => Have you ever been bitten by a dog? |
| 2. hold - held - held:
개최하다 |
| ① The World Cup was held in Korea in 2002. (과거시제) |
| => Where was the World Cup held in 2002? |
| => When was the World Cup held in Korea? |
| ② The next World Cup will be held in Germany in 2006.
(미래시제) |
| => Where will the next World Cup be held? |
| ③ The World Cup is being held now. (현재진행형) |
| 3. pay - paid - paid:
지불하다 |
| ① I am paid ￦500,000 a month. (저는 한 달에 50만원 받습니다. ※
a month = per month 한 달에) |
| ② I was paid ￦500,000 a month. |
| 4. stand - stood - stood
(※ stand up은 '세우다'라는 뜻 이외에 구어체로'데이트에서
바람맞히다'라는 뜻) |
| ① I was stood up. (저 바람맞았어요.) |
| 5. dump - dumped - dumped
(※ 구어체에서 '(연인을) 차버리다'라는
뜻) |
| ① He was dumped. (그 남자 차였대.) |
| 6. rip - ripped - ripped
(※ '벗겨내다'라는 뜻 이외에 '바가지쓰다'라는
뜻도 있다) |
| ① I was ripped off. (나 바가지쓰였어.) |
