| |
p.319 [be동사/일반동사/현재완료/일반동사 과거/조동사]
| ＊ 화법 |
| - 직접화법: 다른 사람의 말을 그대로 옮겨 표현하는 것, 주로 따옴표(" ")를 사용해서 나타냄 |
| - 간접화법: 직접화법을 평서문의 형식으로 고쳐서 표현하는 것 |
| 1. be동사: am/are/is ->
was/were |
| ex1) He said, "She is late." (직접화법) |
| => He said
(that) she was late. (간접화법) |
| ex2) She said, "I am late." |
| => She said
(that) she was
late. |
| ex3) She said, "I am studying." |
| => She said
(that) she was
studying. |
| 2. 일반동사: 현재동사 -> 과거동사,
don't/doesn't -> didn't |
| ex1) He said, "I like Jane." |
| => He said (that) he
liked Jane. |
| ex2) He said, "I don't like coffee." |
| => He said (that) he
didn't like coffee. |
| 3. 현재완료: have/has + p.p
-> had + p.p. |
| ex1) She said, "I've been to Hawaii." |
| => She said (that) she had been
to Hawaii. |
| 4. 일반동사 과거시제: 과거동사 ->
had + p.p. |
| ex1) She said, "I liked him." |
| => She said (that) she
had liked him. |
| 5. 조동사: will -> would,
can -> could |
| ex1) She said, "You can use my phone." |
| => She said (that) I
could use her
phone. |
p.320
＊ 화법을 전환할 때 주의할 점
|
직접화법
|
간접화법
|
|
형용사
|
next |
the following |
| last |
the previous |
|
|
|
|
부사
|
tomorrow |
(the) next day, the following day |
| last night/week |
the night/week before, the previous night/week |
| ago |
before, the next |
| here |
there |
| now |
then |
| today |
that day |
| tonight |
that night |
| yesterday |
the day before, the previous day |
|
|
|
| 지시사 |
this/these |
that/those |
|
ex1) He said to me, " I am busy now." |
| => He told
me that he was busy then. |
p.321 - 323 [의문문/명령문/감탄문]
| 1. 의문사가 있는 의문문 |
| ex1) She said to me, "How old are you?" |
=> She asked
me how old
I was.
|
| 2. 의문사가 없는 의문문 |
| ex1) She said to me, "Do you like him?" |
=> She asked
me if/whether I
liked him.
|
| 3. 명령문 |
| ex1) He said to me, "Wait here." |
| => He ordered
me to wait there. (※ ordered 대신 told라고 해도 틀린 것은 아님) |
| 4. 부정명령문 |
| ex1) He said to me, "Don't wait here." |
| => He ordered
me not to wait there. (※
충고하는 의미가 있다면 ordered 대신 advised 써도 무관) |
| 5. 감탄문 |
| ex1) He said, "What a nice car it is!" |
| => He exclaimed
that it was a very nice
car. |
| 6. 피전달문이 중문일 때 |
| ex1) She said, "I like him, but he doesn't like me." |
| => She said that she
liked him, but that he didn't
like her. |
| ※ 등위접속사가 for(왜냐하면)의 경우에는 that을 쓰지
않고 그대로 for만 사용한다. |
| ex2) He said, "I am thirsty, for I have danced too long." |
| => He said that he was
thirsty, for he had danced
too long. |
| ※ or로 연결되는 명령문 피전달문의 경우는 if를 사용하여
복문으로 바꾼다. |
| ex3) I said to him, "Hurry up, or you will be late." |
| => I told
him that he would be late
if he didn't hurry up. |
|
|
