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[Lesson 10]
ºÎ»ç - ´Ü¾î ºÎ»ç
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[¸í»ç · Çü¿ë»ç · ºÎ»ç - º¹½À]
1) ¸í»ç |
¨ç ´Ü¾î¸í»ç |
¨è ´ë¸í»ç |
¨é ¸í»ç±¸: |
to + ¨â |
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¨â -ing |
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¨ê ¸í»çÀý: |
that + S + V |
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Àǹ®»ç + S + V |
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if/whether + S + V |
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2) Çü¿ë»ç
¢Ñ ¿ø±Þ, ºñ±³±Þ, ÃÖ»ó±Þ¿¡ ¾²ÀÓ |
¨ç ¸í»ç ¼ö½Ä |
¨è ¹®ÀåÀÇ º¸¾îÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¾²ÀÓ |
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3) ºÎ»ç |
¨ç Çü¿ë»ç/µ¿»ç ¼ö½Ä ¢Ñ ¿ø±Þ, ºñ±³±Þ, ÃÖ»ó±Þ¿¡ ¾²ÀÓ |
¨è ½Ã°£, Àå¼Ò, ÀÌÀ¯, Á¶°Ç, ¾çº¸ µîÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÓ ¢Ñ ºÎ»ç±¸, ºÎ»çÀý |
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p.426 - 430 [´Ü¾îºÎ»ç] |
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1) ºÎ»çÀÇ ÀǹÌ: ~ÇÏ°Ô |
2) ºÎ»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ: Çü¿ë»ç/µ¿»ç ¼ö½Ä |
ex1) She is |
very |
pretty. |
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really |
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ex2) He speaks English |
well. |
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fluently. |
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slowly. |
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ex3) He always speaks
slowly. (µ¿»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex4) She is very nice.
(Çü¿ë»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex5) Listen to him very
carefully. (ºÎ»ç¿Í
µ¿»ç¸¦ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¼ö½Ä) |
ex6) School begins just
at eight. (±¸ ¼ö½Ä) |
ex7) I went to the library soon
after I came home. (Àý ¼ö½Ä) |
ex8) Maybe he was
wrong. (¹®Àå ¼ö½Ä) |
ex9) Only my mother
really understood me. (¸í»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex10) Only you
can make me happy. (´ë¸í»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
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3) ºÎ»çÀÇ Á¾·ù |
¨ç Àǹ̻óÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÒ ¶§ |
»óÅÂ
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fast, well, happily... |
ºóµµ
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always, often, weekly... |
Àå¼Ò
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here, there, near... |
Á¤µµ
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almost, very, only... |
¶§
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now, then, tomorrow... |
ÀÌÀ¯, °á°ú
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so, thus, therefore... |
¨è ±â´É»óÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÒ ¶§ |
´Ü¼øºÎ»ç
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very, now, fast... |
Àǹ®ºÎ»ç
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why, when, where, how |
°ü°èºÎ»ç
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why, when, where, how |
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¡Ø ´Ü¼øºÎ»ç¿¡´Â Áö½ÃºÎ»ç, ºÎÁ¤ºÎ»ç, ¹®ÀåºÎ»ç°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. |
Áö½ÃºÎ»ç
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this, that, here, there... |
ºÎÁ¤ºÎ»ç
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somehow, somewhere, everywhere... |
¹®ÀåºÎ»ç
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happily, perhaps, luckily... |
Çü¿ë»ç + -ly
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Çü¿ë»ç¿Í °°Àº ÇüÅÂÀÇ ºÎ»ç
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°°Àº ºÎ»çÁö¸¸ ¶æÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ °æ¿ì
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Çü¿ë»ç
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ºÎ»ç
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Çü¿ë»ç
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ºÎ»ç
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ºÎ»ç
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ºÎ»ç
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honest |
-> |
honestly |
Á¤Á÷ÇÑ |
Á¤Á÷ÇÏ°Ô |
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late |
-> |
lately |
´Ê°Ô |
ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ |
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true
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-> |
truly
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Áø½ÇÇÑ
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Áø½ÇÇϰÔ
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pretty |
-> |
prettily |
²Ï
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¿¹»Ú°Ô |
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full
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-> |
fully
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°¡µæÂù
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°¡µæÈ÷
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hard
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-> |
hard |
´Ü´ÜÇÑ |
´Ü´ÜÇÏ°Ô |
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hard
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->
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hardly
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¿½ÉÈ÷ |
°ÅÀÇ ~¾Æ´Ï´Ù |
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high |
-> |
highly |
³ôÀÌ |
±²ÀåÈ÷ |
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ex1) He is a fast
runner.
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ex2) He runs fast.
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5) ºÎ»çÀÇ À§Ä¡ |
¨ç Çü¿ë»ç, ºÎ»ç, ±¸, Àý ¶Ç´Â (´ë)¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÒ ¶§´Â ¼ö½Ä ¾î±¸ ¹Ù·Î ¾Õ¿¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
ex1) He runs very fast. |
ex2) He is a very fast
runner. |
¡Ú ¶§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ºÎ»ç´Â ¹®¹Ì¿¡ ¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢ÀÌÁö¸¸ ¹®µÎ¿¡ ¿Ã ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. |
ex3) I have to finish my homework tonight. |
ex4) We have an English exam tomorrow. |
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¨è µ¿»ç³ª ¹®ÀåÀ» ¼ö½ÄÇÒ ¶§´Â ¹®Àå ³¡¿¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
ex1) We danced happily. |
¡Ú ¹®Àå Àüü¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ºÎ»ç´Â ¹®µÎ³ª ¹®¹Ì¿¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
ex2) She lives with her grandmother, perhaps. |
ex3) Luckily, the typhoon
didn't approach Korea. |
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¨é ºóµµ³ª ºÎÁ¤À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ºÎ»ç´Â beµ¿»ç³ª Á¶µ¿»ç µÚ, ÀϹݵ¿»ç ¾Õ¿¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
¡Ø ºóµµºÎ»ç |
always |
rarely |
usually |
seldom |
sometimes |
hardly |
often |
never |
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ex1) He is |
always |
a fast runner. |
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never |
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ex2) He is |
always |
runs fast. |
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usually |
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never |
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ex3) I am usually in my
office in the morning. |
ex4) I usually go to school
by subway. |
¡Ú ºóµµºÎ»ç sometimes°¡ ¹®µÎ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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¨ê ¿Ï·áÇüÀ̳ª ¼öµ¿ÅÂó·³ 2°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ µ¿»ç°¡ ³ª¿Ã ¶§´Â Á¶µ¿»ç¿Í º»µ¿»ç »çÀÌ¿¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
ex) The doctor has carefully
examined the wounded. |
= The wounded have been carefully
examined by the doctor. |
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p.431 - 436 [ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ºÎ»ç] |
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1) very¿Í much: '¾ÆÁÖ, ±²ÀåÈ÷' |
¨ç very: Çü¿ë»ç³ª ºÎ»ç, ÃÖ»ó±Þ, ¶Ç´Â Çü¿ë»çÈµÈ ºÐ»ç ¾Õ¿¡ ¾´´Ù. |
¨è much: (Çü¿ë»ç³ª ºÎ»çÀÇ) ºñ±³±Þ, °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¶Ç´Â µ¿»ç³ª ±¸¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÑ´Ù. |
ex1) Koreans are very
diligent. (Çü¿ë»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex2) He speaks very clearly.
(ºÎ»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex3) This is the very
best wine in this shop. (ÃÖ»ó±Þ ¼ö½Ä) |
ex4) You never know how much
I love you. (µ¿»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
ex5) I feel much better
today. (ºñ±³±Þ ¼ö½Ä) |
ex6) He was much respected
by youngsters. (°ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¼ö½Ä) |
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¡Ø ºÎÁ¤¹®°ú Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼´Â much°¡ ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. (much = a lot) |
ex1) I don't like dogs much.
(³ª´Â °³¸¦ ±×¸® ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.) |
ex2) |
A: Do you like her much?
(±×³à¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Ï?) |
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B: Yes, I like her very much.
(ÀÀ, ¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇØ.) |
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2) ago¿Í before |
¨ç ago: ÇöÀ縦 ±âÁØÀ¸·Î '±× ÀÌÀü'À» ³ªÅ¸³»°í, ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾Õ¿¡ ¼ö»ç°¡ ¿Â´Ù. |
¨è before: °ú°Å¸¦ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î '±× ¶§º¸´Ù ´õ ÀÌÀü'À» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ¶Ç ¿Ï·áÇü ¹®Àå¿¡¼´Â '°æÇè'ÀÇ Àǹ̸¦
³ªÅ¸³» ÁØ´Ù. |
¼ýÀÚ + |
±â°£´ÜÀ§ + |
ago |
3
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days
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ago |
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ex1) I saw his father a week ago.
(ÇöÀ縦 ±âÁØ) |
ex2) I told him that I had seen his father the week before.
(°ú°Å¸¦ ±âÁØ) |
ex3) I have never seen his father before.
( °æÇè) |
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3) too¿Í either: too´Â ±àÁ¤¹®¿¡,
either´Â ºÎÁ¤¹®¿¡ ¾²ÀÓ |
ex1) |
A: I am from Texas. |
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B: Really? I am, too.
(±àÁ¤) |
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ex2) |
A: I can't play golf. |
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B: I can't, either.
(ºÎÁ¤) |
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4) once¿Í ever |
¨ç once: ±àÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ 'ºóµµ'¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§´Â ÁÖ·Î ¹®¹Ì¿¡ ¾²À̸ç, '°æÇè'À» ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§´Â ÁÖ·Î µ¿»ç
¾Õ¿¡ ¾²ÀδÙ. |
¨è ever: Àǹ®¹®, ºÎÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ '°æÇè'À» ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§¿Í Á¶°ÇÀý¿¡¼ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀδÙ. |
ex1) I have visited Moscow once.
(ºóµµ) |
ex2) I once saw him in
Busan. (°æÇè) |
ex3) Once upon a time
there was a king named Midas. (¼÷¾î) |
ex4) Have you ever been
to New York? (°æÇè) |
ex5) Nothing has ever
happened during your absence. (ºÎÁ¤¹®) |
ex6) Please drop in anytime if you ever
come this way. (Á¶°ÇÀý) |
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5) already¿Í yet, still |
¨ç already: ±àÁ¤¹®À̳ª Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼ 'À̹Ì, ¹ú½á'ÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²À̰í, Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼´Â ³î¶ó¿òÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. |
¨è yet: ºÎÁ¤¹®¿¡¼´Â '¾ÆÁ÷', Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼´Â '¹ú½á'ÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀδÙ. |
¨é still: ±àÁ¤¹®À̳ª Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼ '¿©ÀüÈ÷, ¾ÆÁ÷µµ'ÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀδÙ. |
ex1) I have already finished
my homework. (³ª´Â ¹ú½á ¼÷Á¦¸¦ ³¡³Â´Ù. - ±àÁ¤¹®) |
ex2) Have you seen that movie already?
(¹ú½á Àú ¿µÈ ºÃ´Ï? - Àǹ®¹®) ¢Ð ³î¶ó¿ò |
ex3) I haven't finished my homework yet.
(³ª´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼÷Á¦¸¦ ³¡³»Áö ¸øÇß´Ù. - ºÎÁ¤¹®) |
ex4) Have you done your homework yet?
(¹ú½á ¼÷Á¦ ³¡³Â¾î¿ä? - Àǹ®¹®) |
ex5) I still have another
ten minutes. (¾ÆÁ÷ 10ºÐ ´õ ³²¾Ò¾î¿ä. - ±àÁ¤¹®) |
ex6) Are you still single?
(¾ÆÁ÷µµ µ¶½ÅÀ̼¼¿ä? - Àǹ®¹®) |
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6) enough¿Í so, too: enough´Â
ÁÖ·Î Çü¿ë»ç³ª ºÎ»ç µÚ¿¡, so¿Í too´Â Çü¿ë»ç ¾Õ¿¡ ¾²Àδ٠|
ex1) I have enough
money.
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ex2) He isn't tall enough.
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ex3) This computer is small enough
to carry in my pocket. (Çü¿ë»ç µÚ) |
= This computer is so
small that I can carry it in my pocket. (Çü¿ë»ç ¾Õ) |
ex4) This is too
cold.
ºÎ»ç |
Çü¿ë»ç |
¢Ñ very º¸´Ù ¾à°£ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ÀǹÌ
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ex5) This desk is too
heavy for me to move easily. (Çü¿ë»ç ¾Õ) |
= This desk is so
heavy that I cannot move it easily. (Çü¿ë»ç ¾Õ) |
ex6) I can't thank you enough.
(´õÇÒ ³ªÀ§ ¾øÀÌ °í¸¿½À´Ï´Ù.) |
¡Ø too + Çü¿ë»ç + to ¨â: ³Ê¹«
~ÇØ¼ ~ÇÏÁö ¸ø ÇÏ´Ù |
¡Ø Çü¿ë»ç + enough + to ¨â:
~ÇÒ ¸¸Å ÃæºÐÈ÷ ~ÇÏ´Ù |
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7) not, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely,
rarely |
: ¸ðµÎ ºÎÁ¤ÀÇ ¶æÀ» Áö´Ñ ºÎ»ç·Î µ¿»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÑ´Ù. beµ¿»ç¿Í Á¶µ¿»ç µÚ, ¶Ç´Â ÀϹݵ¿»ç ¾Õ¿¡ ¾²ÀδÙ. |
not
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~ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ |
never
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°áÄÚ ~ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ |
seldom
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Á»Ã³·³ ~ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â |
hardly
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°ÅÀÇ ~ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â |
scarcely
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°ÅÀÇ ~ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â |
rarely
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Á»Ã³·³ ~ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â |
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8) here¿Í there: '¿©±â',
'°Å±â' (Àå¼Ò) |
¨ç ¹®Àå¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹« ÀÇ¹Ì ¾øÀÌ Çü½ÄÁÖ¾î·Î ¾²ÀδÙ. (À¯µµºÎ»ç) |
¨è ÁÖ¾î´Â µµÄ¡µÇ¾î µ¿»ç µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿À°í, µ¿»ç´Â ±× µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ¼ö¿Í ÀÏÄ¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. |
ex1) Here is an
interesting story. |
ex2) Here comes
the bus. |
ex3) Here she comes. |
ex4) There was
a bag on my desk. |
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¡Ø ºÎ»ç·Î Âø°¢Çϱ⠽¬¿î Çü¿ë»ç |
elderly ³ªÀÌ ¸¹Àº |
ugly ÈäÃøÇÑ |
hilly ¾ð´öÀÌ ¸¹Àº |
lonely ¾µ¾µÇÑ |
holy ½Å¼ºÇÑ |
lovely »ç¶û½º·¯¿î, ¸ÚÁø |
homely °¡Á¤ÀûÀÎ, °Ë¼ÒÇÑ |
manly ³²ÀÚ´Ù¿î |
lively ¿ø±â ¿Õ¼ºÇÑ |
womanly ¿©¼º´Ù¿î |
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