회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 5

[복습시간]

* be 동사의 과거 *

be 동사     상태설명 : ~이다(현재), ~였다 (과거)

존재: ~있다(현재), ~있었다 (과거)

현재	과거
I am a student. He is tall. They are at home.	I was a student last year. He was tall when he was young. They were at home last night.
의문문	의문문
Are you a student?	Were you tall? Where were you at home last night?
부정문	부정문
I am not a student.	He was not tall when he was young. They were not at home last night

[일반동사]

* 일반동사의 현재시제 *

일반동사 : (action) ~하다 (현재: 습관, 성향)

Ex) study, eat, drink, call…

일반동사 현재시제	일반동사 과거시제 V +ed / 불규칙
I call her every night. I live in Seoul. I study English. He plays soccer every Sunday.	I called her last night. I lived in Seoul in 2002. I studied English yesterday, He played soccer last Sunday.

* 일반동사의 과거형/ 과거분사형 동사 변화 규칙 *

-대부분의 동사: V +ed

finish – finished

clean – cleaned

-동사가 –e로 끝날 때: V +d

like – liked

live – lived

-동사가 자음+ y로 끝날 때: y  ied

study – studied

-동사가 모음+ y로 끝날 때: V +ed

play – played

-2음절이고 둘째 음절에 강세가 올 때

control – controlled

admit – admitted

* "-ed"의 발음 *

-p/ k/ s/ sh/ ch +ed -> [t]

Ex) liked, watched, finished

-b/ g/ v/ n/ m/ l /모음 +ed -> [d]

Ex) cleaned, called, lived, played

-t/ d +ed -> [id]

Ex) wanted, needed

* 일반동사 과거의 불규칙 변화 *

drink – drank – drank	meet – met - met	go – went – gone
eat – ate – eaten	buy – bought –bought	catch – caught – caught
drive– drove – driven	get – got – gotten	forget – forgot – forgotten
hear – heard – heard	lose – lost – lost	read – read – read
see – saw – seen	think – though – thought	write – wrote – written