회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 9

[현재완료(present perfect)]

* 현재완료 계속 *

-계속: for 4 years, since 1999 등과 같이 시간을 나타내는 말과 함께 사용

I have been a teacher for four years.

I have been married since 1999.

I have been sick for a week.

I have been studying English.

I have been studying English since this month.

It has been raining since this morning.

I have been waiting for you for 20 minutes.

I have lived in Seoul since last month.

I have lived for a year.

I have had a cold for a week.

I have studied English since I was 13.

I have known her since middle school.

* 현재완료 계속 부정문 *

- 부정문을 만들 때는 have/ has 뒤에 not을 붙인다.

I haven't seen her for a long time.

He hasn't heard from her since last month.

* 현재완료 계속 의문문 *

- '얼마나 오랫동안 ~을 해왔나' 에 대한 질문!

Q: How long have you been a teacher?

A: I've been a teacher since 2000.

How long have you been married?

How long have you been sick?

Q: How long have you been studying English?

A: I have been studying English since last week.

How long have you been waiting?

How long have you lived in Seoul?

How long have you had a cold?

How long have you known her?

*현재완료와 함께 쓰이는 시간 표현

1) for (~ 동안) + 숫자 + 단위

for 3 years

for 2 months

for a week

2) since (~ 이후로) + 과거시간 명사

since last night

since 2003

3) since (~ 이후로) + S +Ｖ

since I was 15

since she left Korea

* 현재완료 결과 *

He has gone out.  그는 나가서 그 결과 지금 없어요.

I have seen the movie. 그 영화 봐서 내용을 알아요.

I have lost my watch. 시계를 잃어버려서 지금 없어요.

They have broken up. 그들은 헤어져서 지금 만나지 않아요.

I have finished my work. 일이 끝나서 지금 하지 않아요.

I have just finished my work. 방금 일이 끝나서 지금 하지 않아요.

I have just had lunch. 방금 점심 먹어서 지금 배불러요.

* 현재완료 결과 부정문 *

They haven't gone out yet

I haven't seen the movie yet.

He hasn't lost his watch yet.

They haven't broken up yet.

I haven't finished my work yet.

I haven't had lunch yet.

I haven't sent fax yet.

* 현재완료 결과 의문문 *

Has he gone out (yet)?

Have you seen the movie?

Have they broken up yet?

Have you finished your work?

Have you had lunch?

Have you sent the fax?