회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 13

[복습시간]

- 조동사: 그 나름의 의미가 있어 문장을 다채롭게 하는 기능.

조동사 + 동사원형  ①의미

②용법(usage)

부탁	Casual	Can you take a picture? Could you take a picture? (공손) Can you turn it up? Can you exchange this? Will you marry me?
	Formal	Would you mind taking a picture?
허락	Casual	Can I use your cell phone?
	Formal	May I leave now? Would you mind if I leave now? Would you mind if I open the window?

[조동사]

* 조동사 : would like * - want 의 공손한 표현

- would like + 음식

I’d like some coffee.         Yes, please.

Would you like some coffee?    No, thank you.

* What would you like?  무엇을 드시겠습니까?

- would like to(=want to) + 동사원형

I’d like to see a movie.

Would you like to see a movie? (초대)       Yes, I’d like / love to.

Would you like to go to the movies?         I’d like to, but I can’t.(거절)

I’d like to, but I have to study.

* What would you like to do? 무엇을 하고 싶어요?

* 조동사 : shall *

- shall I/ we + 동사원형 제안(suggestion)

Shall I call you tonight?

Shall we go to the movies?

= Let’s go to the movies.

Why don’t we go to the movies?

What movies shall we watch?

What time shall we meet?

What shall we do?

What shall we eat tonight?

Where shall we meet?

* 조동사 : may, must *

- may   ①50% 추측 : may/might + 동사원형

I may win the lottery.

②허락. 허가(permission) 윗사람 --- 아랫사람

You may eat dessert.

You may leave now.

- must   ①~ 해야 한다(regulation) : must + 동사원형

must = should =  have to

의무·규칙  충고·권고 필요성

You must come back by 10 p.m.

Employees must wash their hands.

Drivers must not drive drunk.

You must not cheat on the test.

You must not cheat on your wife.

* cunning ⓐ 약삭빠른 cheating ⓝ 컨닝. 속임

②~ 임에 틀림없다 (강한 추측): must + be/ 일반동사

He asked you out?  He must like you.

You called in sick?  You must be sick.

He said no when you asked him out?  He must not like you.

He must be sick.

He must be a student.

He must be at home.

He must like you.

He must study hard

* 조동사 : should, had better *

- should : 충고/권고(advice)
should + 동사원형 (= It’s a good idea to do~.)

You should break up with him.

You / I should study English.

You shouldn’t see the movie.

You / I shouldn’t break up with her.

You shouldn’t take some medicine.

= Why don’t you take some medicine?(회화체)

I think you should see the movie.

Do you think I should buy this shirt?

What should I do?  충고를 구할 때

- had better : ~ 하는 게 낫겠다

had better + 동사원형(위협 threatening)

I’d better go now. (X)   ->   I should go now. (가야겠다)

You’d better lose some weight. (X)  -> You should lose some weight.

You’d better do it right this time.

* 일상생활에서 "~하는 게 낫다"라는 느낌으로 쓰는 것은 모두 should 입니다.

had better는 너무 위협적인 느낌이라 친구 사이에서는 쓰이지 않습니다.