회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 14

[복습시간]

* 조동사 *

의미  용법(usage)

~해야 한다

-must 의무, 규칙 Drivers must wear a seat belt.

-should 충고, 권고 You should take a cold remedy.

-have to 필요성

[조동사]

* 조동사 have to *

1)필요성 (=It’s necessary to do ~)

I/ You/ They/ We	have to	go to the bank. get up early. take the TOEIC.
He/ She/ It	has to
과거	had to

2)부정문

I/ You/ They/ We	don’t	have to	go to the bank. get up early. take the TOEIC.
He/ She/ It	doesn’t
과거	didn’t

3)의문문

Why What time when	do	I/ You/ They/ We	have to	work on Saturday? take the TOEIC? get up early? go to the bank?
	does	He/ She/ It
	did	과거

[cf.] have got to 동사원형

I have got to go. = I’ve got to go. = I’ve gotta go. = I gotta go. = Gotta go.

* 조동사 would rather *

1) would rather + 동사원형: 선호(preference)

I’d rather stay home than go out.

I’d rather eat pizza than rice.

2) would rather의 부정: would rather not + 동사원형

I’d rather not go out tonight.

3) would rather의 의문

Q: Would you rather have pizza or rice?

A: I’d rather eat pizza/rice.

Q: Which would you rather have pizza or rice?

A: I’d rather eat pizza/rice.

* 조동사의 과거형 *

1)조동사로 과거 얘기를 할 때

- used to 동사원형 : 과거의 상태 (지금은 더 이상 X)

I used to  like him.

have long hair.

be a teacher.

be heavy. /thin

work out every day, but not any more.

- used to 동사원형 : 과거의 규칙적인 습관

I used to  go there and rest.

visit my grandparents in the summer.

- would 동사원형 : 과거의 습관 + 향수

We would meet under the tree at night.

He would call me every night.